Apparatus for the manufacture of gas.



CQAL 646 P. LOGAN.

PATENTED MAR. 12, 1907.

APPARATUS FOR THE MANUFAGTURE OP GAS. APPLICATION FILED rEB.1e. 1964. Rmmwrm JULYfz. `190s.

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UNITED sTATEs 4PATENT oEEIoE.

FERDINAND LOGAN, OF PHGNIXVILLE, PENNSYLVANIA.

APPARATUS FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF GAS.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented March 12, 1907.

Application led February 16, 1904. Renewed .l'uly 23, 1906. Serial No. 327,404.

To @ZZ whom, t may concern.'

Be it known that I, FERDINAND LOGAN, a citizen of the United States, residing at Phoenixville, in the county of Chester and State of Pennsylvania, have invented new and useful Improvements in Apparatus for the Manufacture of Gas, of Which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to apparatus for generating gases;` and the principal object of said invention is to provide means for generating both coal-gas and Water-gas by the same apparatus and from the same charge of fuel, thus rendering the roduction of the gases in a-more economica manner;

Another object of the invention is to provide an apparatus of comparatively simple and inexpensive structure which may be utilized for producing either coal-gas or Water-gas separately or both coal-gas and Water-gas simultaneously in the same apparatus and from the same charge of fuel.

In the accompanying drawings I have illustrated one form of apparatus embodying my invention, and in said drawings Figure 1 is a vertical longitudinal section of the apparatus. Fig. 2 is a vertical transverse section on the line Fig. 1. Fig. 3 represents a detail perspective view showing the retorts and the pipes connected therewith on a reduced scale.

Like numerals of reference designate like parts Wherever-they occur in either vieW of the drawing.

The numeral 1 designates a suitable casing Which may be lined With fire-brick or other refractory or non-conducting material 2, and 3 is the usual brick or mason Work which forms a support for one end of the generator and which also forms thev foundation or base of the superheating and fixing chamber 4. The hre-chamber 5 communicates with the superheating-chamber 4, and the fuel charge 6 is supported upon the grate-bars 7, Which bars are located at a suflicient height Within the casing to afford a space or chamber 8 to be used as an ash-pit and blast-chamber for air and steam. An air-blast pipe 9 communicates With the interior of the blastchamber under the grate-bars 7, and a steaminjector nozzle 10 also extends into this chamber in a line at right angles to the airblast pipe, as shoWn in Fig. 1. 'Extending into the fire-chamber 5 is a steam-pipe 11, provided with a suitable valve or stop-cock 12, and connected to said pipe 11 is a branch pipe 13, Which is also provided With a valve or stop-cock 14, said branch pipe leading to a source of supply or tank of oil.

Immediately above the fire-chamber is a checker-Work partition l5, formed of refractory brick or other non-conducting material, and above the checker-Work is a retort-chamber 16, communication being established betWeen the fire-chamber and the retort-chamber `through the interstices in the checker- Work 15. Suitably supported Within the chamber 16 are the retorts 17. I have shown two retorts in the drawing; but it will be understood that I may use a single retort or any number required, dependent upon the capacity of the plant. The retorts 17 are connected at their inner ends by a pipe 18. A steam-pipe 19 extends into one of the retorts at the front, and a branch oil-pipe 20 communicates With the steam-pipe 19, there being suitable valves 21 and 22 in said pipes. Also communicating With one of the retorts at a point near the outer end is a gas-pipe 23, provided with a valve 24, and a branch pipe 25 is connected to the pipe 23 and also provided With a valve 26.

The superheating and Iixing chamber 4 vis provided with interior checker-Work 27, and at the top a Weighted valve 28 is provided. An outlet-pipe 29 communicates With the upper portion of the superheater and conveys the Water-gas to the purifier and gasometer.

In the operation the fire-chamber is charged With coal, the Weighted valve 28 is raised, the retorts are partially filled With coal, and the fuel in the hre-chamber' is ignited. When the .mass of coal in the firechamber has become thoroughly ignited, the fire is urged by an air-blast admitted through pipe 9 beneath the grate, and the gaseous vapors arising from the mass of coal in the fire-chamber pass up through the superheater and fixer and out into the atmosphere until the fumes issuing through the top of the superheater are of the required color, at Which time the valve 28 is closed. In the meantime the brick checker-Work 27 has become highly heated, the bed of fuel on the grate has been raised to incandescence, and the heat from the ire-chamber has rendered the charges in the retorts incandescent. If desired, the air-blast beneath the grate may then be cut ofli1 and steam injected under the bed of fuel. The oil-valve 14 and steampipe valve l2 may noW be opened and steam IOO IIO

and oil injected into the iire-chamber, and at the same time air may be permitted to enter the ire-chamber above the grate and also enter the ash-pit below the grate, the gaseous vapors then arising from the bed of fuel being passed up through the superheater and 'fixer and out through pipe 29 to the purifier or gasometer. While the charges in the retorts are being raised to a state ot' incandescence, the coal-gas arising irom the charges may be passed out through the pipe 23 into a suitable purifier or receiver. Arter the bed of coal or charges in the retorts have been raised to incandescence steam and oil may then be injected into the retorts, the valve 24 closed, and the gaseous products may be led out through the branch pipe 25 into the superheater and ixer and from thence to the purifier or gasometer or direct from the pipe 25 to a suitable purifier or gasometer. The coke may then be removed from the firechamber and retorts and the apparatus recharged.

From the foregoing it will be obvious that from a single charge of burning coal I produce two kinds oi gas and two grades of coke and that the products are economically produced. The coke produced may be used in -this same apparatus for making water-gas.

Having thus iully described my invention, what I desire to secure by Letters Patent and claim isn I. An apparatus for generating gas, comprising a rire chamber, a retort chamber above vthe {ire-chamber, a superheating and iixin'g chamber adjacent to said chambers and `in communication with both of said chambers, and a checker-work partition separating the fire-chamber and retort-chamber throughout the length of each.

2. An apparatus for generating gases, comprising a fire-chamber, a retort-chamber above the rire-chamber, a superheating and iixing chamber adjacent to said chambers and communicating with both of saidchambers, retorts within the retort-chamber, a pipe connecting the retorts at one end thereof, steam and oil pipes leading to one of the retorts, and a coal-gas outlet leading from' one of the retorts, said outlet-pipe being provided with a water-gas branch pipe.

3. An apparatus ior generating gases, comprising a i'ire-chamber, a retort-chamber above the {ire-chamber, retorts within the retort-chamber, a pipe connecting the retorts at onev end thereof and within the retort chamber, a superheating and ixing chamber adjacent to said retort and fire chambers and communicating with both of the said chambers, and a checker-Work partition separating the fire-chamber and retort-chamber throughout the length of each.

4. An apparatus for generating gas, comprising a lire-chamber having an air-blast pipe and steam-pipe below it, a retort-chamber above the {ire-chamber, av checker-work partition intermediate said chambers and extending throughout the length of each chamber, a superheatin and xing chamber adj acent to the iire and retort chambers and communicating with both, roil and steam pipes leading into the hre-chamber and an outlet for the gas at or near the top of the fixingchamber.

5. An apparatus for generating gas, comprising a hre-chamber, a retort-chamber located directly above the fire-chamber and extending throughout the length of the iirechamber, a checler-work partition separating said chambers throughout the length of each, a superheating and fixing chamber adjacent to and connected with both of the said chambers, checker-work within the iixingchamber, said fixing-chamber communicating with the 'fire-chamber below said checker-A worl partition and the retort-chamber communicating with the fixing-chamber at one end thereof and above the checker-work partition, and an outlet for the gas at the top oi' the iixing-chamber.

6. An apparatus for generating gas, comprising a hre-chamber, a retort-chamber extending throughout the length oi the firechamber and arranged above the same, retorts within the retort-chamber, a pipe connecting the retorts at one end thereof and within the retort-chamber, and a superheating and. iixing chamber adjacent to said retort and iire chamber and connected to and communicating with both of said chambers at one end thereof.

In testimony whereoic I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

f FERDINAND LOGAN.

Witnesses:

FRANCIS P. MALoNE, A. W. JANEwAY IOO 

